What term is used to refer to cattle that are under one year of age?

The term used to refer to cattle that are under one year of age is "calves." This classification is important in the cattle industry as it helps in managing and raising young animals. Calves are typically born from cows and represent the early life stage of cattle, during which they are fed milk and gradually introduced to solid feed. Understanding the different life stages of cattle, including calves, is essential for proper nutrition, health management, and breeding decisions in animal science. Other terms, such as heifers, bulls, and steers, refer to specific categories of cattle based on sex or reproductive status and generally apply to animals older than one year.