What is estrus in mammals?

Estrus in mammals refers to a specific period during which a female is sexually receptive and fertile. This phase, often known as "heat," is characterized by behavioral and physiological changes, enabling the female to attract males for mating purposes. During this time, hormonal changes influence the female's body, leading to ovulation; thus, if mating occurs, there is a higher likelihood of successful fertilization.

This understanding of estrus is critical in animal breeding and management, as it allows for optimal timing of breeding practices. Recognizing the signs of estrus, such as increased vocalization, restlessness, or changes in body posture, is essential for breeders to enhance reproductive success in their livestock or pets. In contrast, the other choices pertain to different reproductive stages or non-reproductive behaviors, but they do not define the specific timeframe of sexual receptivity represented by estrus.