In bovine (cattle), what is a female that has had a calf called?

A female bovine that has given birth to a calf is referred to as a cow. This terminology indicates that the female has reached reproductive maturity and has gone through the process of calving. In the context of bovine terminology, a heifer is defined as a young female that has not yet had a calf, so sheifer would not be the correct term in this situation. Calves are young bovines of either sex, typically under one year of age. A steer, on the other hand, is a castrated male bovine, and does not pertain to the description of a female that has calved. Understanding these definitions helps clarify the various stages and classifications within cattle husbandry.